Paris

Paris

Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (About this soundlisten)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official estimated population of two,140,526 residents as of one January 2019. Since the seventeenth century, Paris has been one in all Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.

The City of Paris is that the centre and seat of state of the Ile-de-France, or Paris Region, that has Associate in Nursing calculable official 2019 population of twelve,213,364, or about 18 percent of the population of France. The Paris Region had a GDP of €681 billion (US$850 billion) in 2016, accounting for 31 percent of the GDP of France, and was the 5th largest region by value within the world. in keeping with the social scientist Intelligence Unit Worldwide price of Living Survey in 2018, Paris was the second costliest town within the world, when Singapore, and sooner than Zurich, Hong Kong, capital of Norway and Geneva. Another source ranked Paris as most expensive, on a par with Singapore and Hong Kong, in 2018.

·        History

·        Origins

The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, settled the Paris space from round the middle of the third century B.C.. One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île Delaware la Cité; this installation of land and water trade routes step by step became a vital mercantilism centre.The Parisii listed with several stream cities (some as far away as the Iberian Peninsula) and minted their own coins for that purpose.

Gold coins minted by the Parisii (1st century BC)

The Romans conquered the Paris Basin in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris' Left Bank. The Roman town was originally called Lutetia (more fully, Lutetia Parisiorum, "Lutetia of the Parisii"). It became a prosperous town with a forum, baths, temples, theatres, Associate in Nursingd an amphitheatre.

By the top of the Western Roman Empire, the city was referred to as Parisius, a Latin name that will later become Paris in French.Christianity was introduced in the middle of the third century AD by Ruth Saint Denis, the primary Bishop of Paris: in keeping with legend, once he refused to renounce his religion before the Roman occupiers, he was beheaded on the Hill that became referred to as Mons Martyrum (Latin "Hill of Martyrs"), later "Montmartre", from wherever he walked headless to the north of the city; the place wherever he fell and was buried became a very important spiritual shrine, the Basilica of Saint-Denis, and many French kings are buried there.

·        Middle Ages to Louis XIV

See also: Paris within the Middle Ages, Paris within the sixteenth century, and Paris within the seventeenth century

By the top of the twelfth century, Paris had become the political, economic, religious, and cultural capital of France. The Palais de la Cité, the royal residence, was located at the western finish of the Île Delaware la Cité. In 1163, throughout the reign of King of France, Maurice Delaware Sully, bishop of Paris, undertook the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral at its eastern extremity.

After the marshland between the river Seine and its slower 'dead arm' to its north was filled in around the 10th century,[30] Paris' cultural centre began to move to the Right Bank. In 1137, a brand new town marketplace (today's Les Halles) replaced the 2 smaller ones on the Île Delaware la Cité and Place Delaware la Grève (Hotel Delaware Ville).[31] The latter location housed the headquarters of Paris' stream trade corporation, Associate in Nursing organisation that later became, on the side (although formally in later years), Paris' first municipal government.

·        18th and 19th centuries

See also: Paris within the eighteenth century, Paris throughout the Second Empire, and Haussmann's renovation of Paris

Paris grew in population from concerning four hundred,000 in 1640 to 650,000 in 1780. a brand-new avenue, the Champs-Élysées, extended the city west to Étoile, while the working-class neighborhood of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine on the eastern site of the city grew more and more crowded with poor migrant workers from other regions of France.

Paris was the centre of an explosion of philosophic and scientific activity known as the Age of Enlightenment. Diderot and d'Alembert revealed their Encyclopedia in 1751, and the Montgolfier Brothers launched the first manned flight in a hot-air balloon on 21 November 1783, from the gardens of the Château de la Muette. Paris was the monetary capital of continental Europe, the primary European centre of book publishing and fashion and the manufacture of fine furniture and luxury goods.

·       20th and 21st centuries

See also: Paris within the young lady Époque, Paris during the First World War, Paris between the Wars (1919–1939), Paris in World War II, and History of Paris (1946–2000)

By 1901, the population of Paris had grown to 2,715,000.At the beginning of the century, artists from around the world including: Pablo Picasso, Modigliani, and Henri Matisse made Paris their home. It was the birthplace of art movement, art movement and abstractionism, and authors like novelist were exploring new approaches to literature.

·       International Organizations

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, or UNESCO, has had its headquarters in Paris since November 1958. Paris is also the home of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).  Paris hosts the headquarters of the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, European Securities and Markets Authority and, as of 1919, the European Banking Authority.