Berlin

Berlin

·       Introduction

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The political home of Germany's central and also the instructional center of Germany, Berlin is that the nation's capital and busiest town. Although major reconstruction projects have helped make Berlin an attractive, modern city, the shadows of World War II (1939–45) and the Berlin Wall still darken its recent history. This is the seat of German power, wherever Nazi (1889–1945) gained management in 1933 by walking through the geographical region Gate and seizing parliament within the Reichtags building. After war II, Berlin was a chilly War field, separated into a Soviet-influenced East and an American-influenced West by the Berlin Wall in 1966. But, there area unit surprising contrasts to war in Berlin, like the intellectual and scientific flowering of the Enlightenment throughout the 1700s and "golden" Twenties of the 20th century. Always a cultural center, Berlin has continued this tradition with several museums and theaters, while Berlin's trade associations employ the majority of the workforce with

apprenticeships and permanent jobs.

·       History

In 1237, the fishing community of Colln was first registered as a town located on the south bank of the Spree River. After 1244, opposite this settlement on the north bank, lay the larger bourgeois city of Berlin. Following a century or a lot of of separation, the administrations of those 2 cities integrated in 1307 to fight against thief barons. These "noblemen" acted additional like pirates, demanding  vast tributes and terrorizing the people, but without an army the citizens of Berlin could not fight back. By the year 1411, the city had asked the Holy Emperor for defense, bringing in Fredrich von Hohenzollern, Burggraf of Nuremberg and his army. The Hohenzollerns dominated Berlin and most of Germany for hundreds of years, conquest Prussia in 1640 and initiation the German Reich in 1871. Traditionally the capital town and royal residence of the Hohenzollerns, Friedrich Wilhelm selected Berlin as his seat of power within the new supported Preussen. Eight Friedrich Wilhelms followed his example, building the military and economic strength of Germany from Berlin.

·       Public Safety

The police force in Berlin consists of the general police for petty crimes, criminal police for serious crimes, alert forces for large-scale problems, and the river police. The Federal Criminal police station (BKA), that deals with criminals that operate across state boundaries, has one of its bases in Berlin and is also the national center for Interpol. The border patrol also operates along the Polish border, which lies only 100 kilometers (62 miles) away from Berlin

·       Education

Compulsory schooling begins for Berlin students at age seven and lasts for 9 or 10 years. Most children are tested at age ten for aptitude and then placed in a Hauptshule or Realshule for vocational trades, a Gymnasium for academics, or a comprehensive Gesamtschule, which teaches all trades. Those from the Gymnasium end faculty with their abitur exams whereas youngsters from the Realschule continue on to tech, or Fachobershule, and polytechnic university, or Fachhochschule. Education through post-graduate work is free for all, including foreigners. There area unit 3 major universities in Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin with sixty one,000 students, Technische Universität Berlin with 38,000 students, and Humbolt Universität zu Berlin with 19,000 students. There area unit varied alternative schools that cater to additional explicit professions and trades. The club system, that began throughout the center ages in Germany, continues to some extent through the educational system which is geared towards satisfying the business community's needs with apprenticeship and internship requirements in many fields. Berlin is additionally home to an oversized range of foreign students that return to the international town to find out the German, as well as about the clash between western and jap culture and also the 2 world wars that happened mostly on German and French soil.

·       Media

Die Welt is that the solely national German daily to maneuver its headquarters from city to Berlin and to feature expanded coverage of the town. There are nearly 1,200 accredited correspondents in Bonn and Berlin, working for the following newspapers and magazines. The B.Z. has the biggest circulation of the town with 298,500; the Berliner Zeitung comes next with 216,600; and also the Berliner Morgenpost, Tagesspiegel, and Tages Zeitung also have extensive circulations. Magazines like Der spiegel iron and Focus square measure well-liked, however yank and alternative European magazines will be found on most store shelves also.

The Berlin New Year Run brings athletes out of doors for one in all the biggest sports events within the town. The Berliner SV 1892 football club, the Berlin Cricket Club—the Refugees—and ALBA Berlin basketball team—Albatros—comprise the major sports clubs.

·       Health Care

Everyone in Germany is entitled to health care, with benefits programs divided into two categories. Statutory insurance provides just about free selection of doctors (on a quarterly basis), unlimited visits and checkups, prescription drug coverage with a co-payment, comprehensive dental visits, vision and hearing aids, mental health visits, monthly home allowances for the chronically ill, liberal maternity benefits, and disability pay. The government receives funds to buy health care from worker taxes and public and personal donations, but much of the money comes from government coffers. Partly as a results of comprehensive health care and also the financial aid system, the German government's debt has up considerably.